У оквиру традиционалног колоквијума Института за физику у Београду, у понедељак, 30. октобра 2023. године у 12 часова у сали „Звонко Марић“ предавање под насловом:

Attoscience – The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023

одржаће проф. др Дејан Милошевић (Академија наука и умјетности Босне и Херцеговине; Природно-математички факултет, Универзитет у Сарајеву).

САЖЕТАК:

Electrons and photons have played a central role in the scientific and technological revolution of the 20th century (discovery of transistor and laser; electronics and photonics). In the 21st century, the advance of science and technology has enabled observation of atomic-scale dynamics of electron motion, both in space and time. As a „child“ of the strong-field physics, a new area of science – attoscience – has been born. The science is now able to describe electronic motion in atoms, molecules and nanoscale structures, and thus the borders between physics, chemistry and biology tend to disappear. On the other hand, the electronic motion is responsible for emission of lights. Emission of coherent light in the form of ultrashort soft X-ray pulses on the attosecond time scale is possible via high-order harmonic generation process.

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023 was awarded to Pierre Agostini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier „for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter“. In this lecture, I will first give a short introduction to attoscience, and then will present the Nobel Prize laureates, with whom I collaborated in the past, having common publications. In particular, I will present two crucial experiments for which the Nobel prize was awarded: the RABBITT (Reconstruction of Attosecond Beating By Interference of Two-photon Transitions) technique and the streaking experiment. I will also show some new results, such as attosecond double-slit experiment, and various applications of attoscience.

У оквиру семинара Групе за гравитацију, честице и поља Института за физику у Београду, у петак, 27. октобра 2023. године, у 11 часова у сали 360, др Дејан Симић (Институт за физику у Београду) одржаће предавање:

Note on asymptotic symmetry of massless scalar field at null infinity

САЖЕТАК:

Since ten years ago, we have known that the memory effect, soft theorem and asymptotic symmetry at null infinity are mutually equivalent. Any massless field has its soft theorem, including a massless scalar field, so we expect the asymptotic symmetry associated with the massless scalar case to be present also. We will try to understand the asymptotic symmetry of a massless scalar field at null infinity. In order to make sense ofasymptotic symmetry for theory without gauge symmetry, we slightly generalize the notion of asymptotic symmetry. Derivations of the results are done in two different ways, using Hamiltonian analysis and using covariant phase space. Along the way, we will explain the necessary concepts, such as asymptotic symmetry, Hamiltonian analysis and covariant phase space.

У оквиру семинара Лабораторије за физику животне средине Института за физику у Београду, у четвртак, 26. октобра 20203. године, у 12 часова у сали „Звонко Марић“, др Метју Дулануа (Универзитет у Лорени) одржаће предавање:

Assessment and reduction of pollutant transfer from environment to animals and human

САЖЕТАК:

The dynamics of pollutants within agro-ecosystems, as well as their transfer to living beings, including humans, is the subject of considerable social demand. This lecture will summarize the research carried out by the Micropollutants and Residues in the Food Chain team in this field. This work has enabled to gain a better understanding of the processes involved in transferring pollutants from the environment to animals, food products and humans, and to better characterize the risks involved. Advances in the assessment of pollutant transfer, focusing on bioavailability, environmental availability and bioaccessibility, will be developed. Techniques for reducing pollutant transfer, including the use of biochar and activated carbons to amend contaminated soils, will be discussed. Finally, current research perspectives aimed at improving assessment of pollutant transfer using novel bioaccessibility methodologies will be discussed. The development of operational tools to assess and reduce the transfer of environmental pollutants to animals and humans will be proposed, by simplifying these methods and making them more accessible. The ultimate goal will be to improve the management of polluted sites and soils, taking into account their multisystem and multi-contaminant nature.

У оквиру традиционалног колоквијума Института за физику у Београду, у понедељак, 23. октобра 2023. године у 12 часова у сали „Звонко Марић“ предавање под насловом:

Emergence of size in living cells

одржаће проф. др Јане Кондев (Мартин А. Фишер школа физике, Брандис универзитет, САД).

САЖЕТАК:

The emergence of macroscopic phenomena from the interactions of its microscopic components has been the focus of condensed matter physics for many decades. Successes include our understanding of phase transitions, while turbulence still remains mostly mysterious. To what extent do these lessons from physics apply to biology is an open question.

In cell biology, for more than a hundred years it has been observed that micron-sized internal structures (organelles) within the cell self-assemble from nanometer-sized proteins to a well defined size. In this talk we will describe our experiments on yeast cells and related theoretical work that seeks to uncover the general principles of organelle size as an emergent phenomenon in cell biology.